In equatorial regions, there are generally warm temperatures throughout the year, high humidity, and evenly distributed rainfall with little to no significant dry season. Examples of countries that are equatorial include Brazil, Kenya, Colombia, Congo, and Indonesia.
The rainy season is hitting Indonesia. Every year, shifting in the rainy and dry season schedules occurs more frequently. Sometimes it is difficult to determine the season based on time accurately. This is strongly influenced by global climate change, deforestation, and urbanization. These three causes are closely related to phenomena that are familiar to Kawan Laminar, namely El Nino and La Nina.
This climate phenomenon occurs due to changes in the surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean, which affects global weather patterns. El Nino is the warming of sea surface
temperatures in the eastern and central parts of the tropical Pacific Ocean which has an impact on drought in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Australia, while in other parts of the world such as South America there are floods due to extreme rainy weather. Furthermore, El Nino also causes disruption to the fisheries sector due to a decrease in fish populations caused by reduced marine nutrients.
In Contrast to La Nina, which is a process of cooling sea surface temperatures in the same region, which has an impact on heavy rain and flooding in Australia and Southeast Asia. In other regions such as East Africa and South America there is a drought at the same time, while the global temperature itself becomes colder than usual. These two phenomena have a significant impact on extreme weather, wind patterns, food security, and marine ecosystems globally.
After learning more about the El Nino and La Nina phenomena, anticipation of their impact on the environment can be carried out, such as an integrated approach that includes intensive weather monitoring, adaptation of the agricultural sector, and management of water resources. The community and government work together to face disaster preparedness through early warning, infrastructure development, and community training. In addition, it is necessary to implement environmentally friendly policies and cutting-edge technology to minimize risks and increase resilience to climate change globally.